Research / Case Studies of real music magazines
For this task, I will be commenting on the layout, content and the generic conventions of magazines. In order to do so, I will analyse the front cover, contents page and the double page spread (DPS) of two existing magazines of the same genre. The genre of music I have decided to work with for my music magazine project is RnB/ Hip-hop.
The first magazine I will be commenting on is Vibe Magazine.
Vibe Magazine
Front cover

For this issue of Vibe, the front cover features an American rapper, record producer named TI. TI's image is the main image on this magazine, who is in front of the masthead (VIBE) which implies he is actually more important than the actual title of this magazine. In the main image, TI is captured in a medium close shot, which allows us to see his hands, in which he is rubbing his hands together, the connotation of this ties in with the main cover line "people have been comparing me to Tupac..." "teenagers marked for death", which gives the impression of violent aura. This is further shown through his eyes. He is directly looking at the audience, forcing the reader to take the magazine, and further giving the impression this article is going to be quite alarming. The use of a spot light in this image makes the artist the focal point of the front cover. In the front cover, Vibe uses conventions of layout to make this page successful. One of these conventions is the use of mastheads. In the front cover the word VIBE is the masthead, meaning that it is the title of the magazine. This is evident as it is the largest font on the page. Even though the masthead is the largest font on the page, half of the word is covered by the main image, this is because the artist on the front is actually the one who is selling the magazine, which is why it is the focal point and also, Vibe magazine is a well known magazine so even though half of the word is covered, you still know what magazine it is. Also the font choices is also an important convention for this magazine as it needs to be current and youthful but still be professional and clear, therefore, for the front cover Vibe has used large block fonts but uses different colours to make it standout. The font also matches the main image, as the artists facial expression is quite stern and serious, like the font as it bold and strong and gets straight to the point. The front cover also contains teasers to lure the reader into buying this magazine, as it highlights what issues are in the magazine. These teasers are written cleverly, as the writers of vibe cleverly play on words in which will intrigue the reader, and make them buy the magazine to read it. The front cover also uses a three coloured colour scheme which consists of red, black and white.
The target audience for this magazine is people who are into this particular music genre and aged 18-34. I believe the publisher took the target audience into consideration when it comes to advertising and pricing. For advertisement, the publisher specifically chose products which are trending and are affordable for the general audience. And regarding pricing for the actually magazine, it costs £5.28, which is a very good price for this age group, baring in mind that this is a monthly magazine.
Contents Page

In this magazine, the contents page is spread over two pages. On the first page, the Jay-z is feature as the main image with the contents numbers on the left hand side. The content features are presented in a fixed layout which does not make the page look unorganised and tacky. On the other page, it has a heading which says departments, and has page references that leads you to the different departments on the various pages. The second page has a different artist as the main image, Keri Hilson, who will be featuring in the double page spread for Vibe magazine. Vibe have also have included their logo into these two pages, the logo starts off with the letter V and then the letter I the transitions the rest of the word into some sort of bar code. Both page's colours reflect the colour scheme of the front cover as they have used the same colours, which creates a common house style for the magazine. Also, all the editorial items that are mentioned in the contents page are featured in all the pages is it referred to.
Double Page Spread
In this double page spread, it features two images of the celebrity Keri Hilson, as this double page spread is about her. These two images have been captured in a long shot angle and are high fashioned editorial images. In both images, the lighting used it quite natural as it uses outdoor lighting. But in the first image, the
the publishers/Photographers manipulate the lighting so that the focus is on the artist's clothing. The clothing used in these images are high fashioned, to show her wealth and her status as a well known artist. Her make up is quite subtle and natural, but on her eyes she uses dark eye shadow and dark mascara to make her eyes stand out to catch the attention of the reader and also to give her a really strong/fierce look. In the second image, the stylist decided that Keri Hilson should use a prop, which is a show cane. The purpose of this is to further show her status and dominance, which is directly related to the journalistic article.
In this piece of journalism, it speaks on the rise in the popularity of Keri Hilson as an Artist, and how she has recently dominated the charts since her first massive single "Knock you Down" featuring Kanye West and Ne-yo. From this piece of journalism, we get a youthful tone , through the vibrant interview between the interviewer and Keri Hilson. The article reaches out to their selected target audience through the mode of address. They do this by using some slang for engagement and also talking about current scandalized issues in the music industry. The structure of this article is based on an interview and is split into paragraphs. On each page there are two columns in which have no images on them. This is because the two images have their own pages before and after the article.
Vibe Magazine Press pack
From Vibe magazine's press pack, I gather that 55% of the readers of vibe are men, in which the main ethnic race that reads this magazine are Black/African American people with are percentage of 75%. Furthermore, the main people who purchase this magazine are in employment with a percentage of 65%, whereas only 20% of people who are currently in college purchase this magazine. Finally, main target audience for this magazine are people aged 21+ as the have a percentage of 82%, but generally the target audience age will lay in between 18-34 year old as they have a percentage of 67%. The median age for the target audience is 30 years old.
Billboard Magazine

For this issue of Billboard Magazine, the front cover features an American Singer, Actress and Fashion Designer named Rihanna. Rihanna is the main image of this magazine, she is placed in front of the masthead (Billboard) which suggests she is actually more important than the actual title of this magazine. In the main image, Rihanna is captured in a medium close shot, which allows us to see her upper body, which shows her hands behind her head, which seems as if she is quite relax but rather confident. As we start to read the main cover line, it says "Rihanna, the world is hers" which gives us further reinsurance in the connotation that she is quite confident and superior in the music industry. Similarly to the front cover of Vibe magazine, Billboard magazine also makes Rihanna stare right into the lens of the camera to make it look like she is looking directly at the reader, forcing them to buy the magazine. Also the wording of the main cover line will raise questions in the customers minds, making them ask why does the world belong to Rihanna, making them want to buy the magazine due to their curiosity. In the front cover, Billboard uses conventions of layout to make this page successful. One of these conventions is the use of mastheads. In the front cover the word Billboard is the masthead, meaning that it is the title of the magazine. This is evident as it is the largest font on the page. Even though the masthead is the largest font on the page, half of the word is covered by the main image, similarly to Vibe magazine, this is because the artist on the front is actually the one who is selling the magazine which is why it is the focal point and also, Billboard magazine is a well known magazine so even though half of the word is covered, you still know what magazine it is. Also the font choices is also an important convention for this magazine as it needs to be current and youthful but still be professional and clear, therefore, for the front cover Billboard has used large block fonts and uses the colours blue and yellow to fill the letters "A" and "D" to make the audience recognize the actual brand of Billboard, as half of the word is covered by Rihanna. Furthermore, the font of the cover line matches the main image, as the font in the cover line, the font is quite sharp, similarly to the expression in Rihanna eyes. Additionally, Billboard magazine also contains teasers on the front cover to further hook the customers into buying the magazine as the teasers are quite striking. Moreover, this magazine's front cover is similar to Vibe's front cover as Vibe has three colours within their house style, similarly Billboard has three coloured colour scheme within their house style (white, yellow and black).
Contents page
Unlike Vibe magazine, Billboard magazine's contents page is spread over one page. On this page it features many editorial listed items on it. It also contains four sections from Upfront, to features, to music and in every issue. Also, as this is a music magazine, it also contains the actual charts of the month on the left hand-side. The content features are presented in a fixed layout which does not make the page look unorganised and tacky. For each story, the page number is listed next to it- this is one of the main features of a contents page. Billboard have also have included their logo on the contents page, which is used for branding. The colour scheme of the front cover matches the contents page, as they both use black, yellow and white, but they are slightly different as the contents page uses more colours which makes it more fun. Also, all the editorial items that are mentioned in the contents page are featured in all the pages it is referred to.
Double Page Spread

In this double page spread, it features three images of Rihanna, as the article is about her. The three images have been taken at three different venues, at three different occasions. The first image is a cut out from and already existing image, the second image is of her and another lady walking down a cat walk and the last image is of her singing. The first and last image have been capture at a medium shot angle and the second image has been taken as a full image (head to toe). The clothing used in the first and third image are quite casual and the second one is quite high fashioned and elegant. This may have been done purposefully to show her in three different lights. Unlike Vibe magazine's double page spread, Billboard does not contain a full A4 image of Rihanna in their double page spread.
In this piece of journalism, it speaks on Rihanna's new album (of that time) 'Unapologetic', and how she has developed/changed her sound musically since her last album. The article then goes on to talk about her journey in making this album. The article also highlights areas such as, her latest appearances and her management team and Record Label. The structure of this article is based on an interview and also contains general facts on Rihanna and her music career. On each page the text is put into three columns and is split up into paragraphs.
Billboard Magazine Press pack
I

From the Billboard press pack, I gather that depending on the cover story, you'll get a dominant gender view. So therefore, its not certain whether men or women read this magazine more. Furthermore, the main target audience that reads this magazine lay in between 25-54 year olds, with a median age of 47. Also, 82% of readers are college graduates and 27.5% of readers have a post degree.